Different Types of Pimples and How to Deal with Them

September 30, 2024

Dr. Shraddha Pitalia

3 min read

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A young girl pointing her pimples on face

Acne is one of the most widespread skin issues, affecting people of all ages, from teenagers to adults. While it’s especially common among adolescents due to hormonal changes, adults, particularly women, also experience breakouts, often triggered by hormonal imbalances. Known medically as acne vulgaris, this condition presents itself in various forms, each with unique characteristics and symptoms. Some types of pimples may resolve on their own, but others demand proper medical attention for effective treatment. In this article, we’ll explore the different types of pimples, their causes, and symptoms, as well as the best treatment strategies to tackle each one, along with preventive tips to keep breakouts at bay. Whether you’re dealing with a stubborn cystic pimple on your chin or experiencing a sudden breakout all over your body, this guide is designed to help you find your path to clearer skin.

What Are Pimples and Why Do They Form?

Pimples, a form of acne, develop when pores become blocked by excess oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. They can appear anywhere on the body but are most common on the face, back, chest, and shoulders. Identifying the type of acne is crucial for effective management, as it allows dermatologists to prescribe the most appropriate course of action. Pimples are primarily caused by:

  • Excess Sebum Production: Overactive sebaceous glands secrete excessive oil, resulting in clogged pores.
  • Hormonal Changes: Hormonal imbalances, particularly during puberty, menstruation, or pregnancy, can stimulate acne formation.
  • Bacterial Growth: Propionibacterium acnes bacteria proliferate in clogged pores, causing inflammation and pimples.
  • Lifestyle Factors: Stress, diet, and certain medications can also influence acne development.

Must Read: What Causes Pimples? Understanding the Root of Acne Breakouts

What are the different types of pimples ?

Acne, often referred to as pimples, bumps, breakouts, or blemishes, can manifest in various types. From simple comedones to complex cysts, each type of acne or pimple has its own unique characteristics and requires tailored treatment.

Whiteheads (Closed Comedones)

Whiteheads are a type of non-inflammatory acne that appears as small, white, or flesh-colored bumps on the skin. They form when a pore gets clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria but remains closed, trapping the contents inside. Whiteheads commonly occur on the face, particularly in the T-zone (forehead, nose, and chin), but they can also appear on the shoulders, back, and chest.

Causes: Whiteheads develop when excess oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria become trapped in the pores. Hormonal changes, particularly during puberty, menstruation, or pregnancy, can increase oil production, making whiteheads more likely.

Symptoms

  • Small, white, or flesh-coloured bumps
  • Non-inflammatory (not red or swollen)
  • Often occur in clusters.
  • Usually painless but can become irritated

Treatments: The treatment of whiteheads typically includes topical retinoids, which help unclog pores and prevent new whiteheads from forming. Over-the-counter treatments containing salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide can also be effective. For persistent cases, our dermatologist might recommend chemical peels, comedone extraction, and carbon laser toning treatments.

Blackheads

Blackheads are another form of non-inflammatory acne that appears as small, dark spots on the skin. They occur when a pore is clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria, but unlike whiteheads, the pore remains open, allowing the contents to oxidise and turn black.

Causes: Blackheads are caused by the buildup of oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria in open pores. Factors like hormonal fluctuations, stress, and improper skin care can contribute to their development.

Symptoms

  • Small, dark spots or plugs
  • Non-inflammatory (not red or swollen)
  • Commonly found on the nose, chin, and forehead
  • Typically, not painful

Treatments: Treatment for blackheads often involves exfoliation with products containing salicylic acid to remove dead skin cells and unclog pores. Retinoids are also effective in preventing blackheads. In some cases, comedone extraction by our dermatologist or chemical peels can be used for more stubborn blackheads.

Pustules:

Pustules are inflammatory acne lesions that appear as red, swollen bumps with a white or yellow center filled with pus. They often occur on the face, back, chest, and shoulders and can be painful to the touch.

Causes: Pustules form when pores become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria, leading to an inflammatory response. This results in the formation of pus within the lesion. Hormonal changes and certain medications can also trigger pustules.

Symptoms

  • Red, swollen bumps
  • White or yellow center filled with pus
  • Painful to the touch
  • Often surrounded by redness

Treatments: Pustules are typically treated with topical or oral antibiotics to reduce inflammation and bacterial growth. Benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid can also help dry out the pustules and promote healing. In more severe cases, our board-certified dermatologist might recommend prescription-strength treatments, cortisone injections, chemical peels, antibiotics, and many others.

Nodules

Nodules are a severe form of inflammatory acne that appears as large, hard, and painful lumps beneath the skin’s surface. They do not have a visible head like pustules or whiteheads, and they are more deeply rooted in the skin, making them harder to treat.

Causes: Nodules form when a pore becomes clogged deep within the skin, leading to inflammation and the development of a large, solid mass. Hormonal changes and genetics play a significant role in the formation of nodules.

Symptoms

  • Large, hard lumps under the skin
  • Painful to the touch
  • Redness and inflammation
  • No visible pus or head

Treatments: Treatment for nodules often requires a combination of prescription-strength topical treatments and oral medications, such as antibiotics or isotretinoin. In some cases, our dermatologist may perform a procedure to drain the nodule or inject it with corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and pain, comedone extraction, chemical peel, and laser treatment.

Cystic Pimples:

Cystic pimples are the most severe types of acne/ pimples, characterised by large, pus-filled, and painful cysts that form deep under the skin. They are most commonly found on the face, neck, back, and shoulders and can lead to scarring if not properly treated.

Causes: Cystic acne occurs when a deep infection within the pore leads to severe inflammation. Hormonal imbalances, particularly during puberty, menstruation, or pregnancy, are major contributors. Genetics also play a role in the development of cystic acne.

Symptoms

  • Large, red, and swollen cysts
  • Painful and tender to the touch
  • Filled with pus
  • Can cause permanent scarring

Treatments: Cystic acne often requires aggressive treatment, including oral antibiotics, hormonal therapies, or isotretinoin. In some cases, our skilled dermatologist may recommend draining the cyst or injecting it with a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation. Laser toning can also be recommended to treat acne scars.

Papules:

Papules are a type of inflammatory acne that appears as tiny, reddish or pinkish nodules on the skin. Unlike pustules, papules do not contain pus. They are usually tender to the touch and can be slightly painful. Papules typically form on the face, but they can also appear on the neck, chest, shoulders, and back. These bumps are often an early stage in the development of more severe acne lesions, such as pustules or nodules.

Causes: Papules form when pores become clogged with excess oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. The blockage leads to an inflammatory response, causing the area to swell and turn red. Hormonal changes, stress, and certain medications can increase the likelihood of developing papules.

Symptoms

  • Tiny, reddish, or pinkish nodules on the skin
  • No visible pus
  • Tender and painful to the touch
  • Often accompanied by a sensation of discomfort or itching
  • Can occur in clusters, making the affected area look inflamed.

Treatments: Treating papules involves reducing inflammation and preventing further breakouts. Over-the-counter topical treatments containing benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid can help reduce swelling and unclog pores. For more persistent or severe cases, our dermatologist may prescribe topical retinoids or oral antibiotics. In some cases, procedures like chemical peels can be recommended to improve skin texture and reduce inflammation.

Fungal Acne (Malassezia Folliculitis)

Fungal acne, often mistaken for bacterial acne, is caused by an overgrowth of yeast in the hair follicles. It appears as small, uniform bumps that are often itchy and can occur anywhere on the body, particularly on the chest, back, and shoulders.

Causes: Fungal acne is triggered by an overgrowth of yeast (Malassezia) in the hair follicles. Factors like excessive sweating, tight clothing, and a humid environment can contribute to its development.

Symptoms

  • Small, uniform bumps
  • Often itchy
  • Can occur all over the body
  • Sometimes mistaken for regular acne

Treatments: Fungal acne is treated differently from bacterial acne, typically with antifungal medications, both topical and oral. Keeping the skin dry and clean, avoiding heavy, oil-based skincare products, and wearing breathable clothing can help prevent fungal acne flare-ups.

Cystic Pimples on the Chin

Cystic pimples on the chin can be particularly frustrating due to their visibility and potential for scarring. They are often caused by hormonal fluctuations, especially in women. While it’s tempting to pop them, doing so can worsen the inflammation and lead to scarring. A dermatologist can provide the most effective treatment.

Pimples All Over the Body Suddenly

If you’ve noticed a sudden increase in pimples all over your body, it could be due to several factors, including:

  • Hormonal changes: Puberty, pregnancy, and certain medications can cause hormonal imbalances that lead to acne.
  • Stress: Chronic stress may contribute to acne outbreaks.
  • Certain medications: Some medications can have acne as a side effect.
  • Underlying medical conditions: Acne might be a symptom of an underlying medical condition.

If you suspect a sudden increase in pimples all over the body and are are not sure about the types of pimples, consult Evenly for consultation.

How to prevent different types of pimples

  • Cleanse your face twice daily with a mild cleanser to remove excess oil and dirt, but avoid scrubbing to prevent irritation.
  • Always opt for non-comedogenic skincare and makeup products to reduce the risk of clogged pores.
  • Make sure to remove your makeup before going to bed to keep your skin clean and clear.
  • Refrain from touching your skin unnecessarily, as this can transfer oils and bacteria that may worsen acne.
  • Use a gentle exfoliant once or twice a week to slough off dead skin cells and prevent clogged pores.
  • Keep your skin moisturised with oil-free and non-comedogenic products to maintain hydration without blocking pores.
  • Resist the urge to pick or pop pimples, as this can increase inflammation and lead to scarring.
  • Regularly apply broad-spectrum SPF sunscreen to protect your skin from harmful UV rays and prevent post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
  • Practice stress management techniques like meditation, yoga, or deep breathing, as stress can contribute to acne flare-ups.
  • Maintain a balanced diet rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, and proteins to support overall skin health.
  • Pay attention to hair hygiene, as oils and products from your hair can contribute to breakouts, especially along the hairline and forehead.
  • Minimise the use of makeup, particularly oil-based products, to avoid clogging pores and exacerbating acne.

When to See a Dermatologist

If over-the-counter treatments and lifestyle adjustments fail to resolve your acne, seeking professional dermatologist is recommended. Persistent or severe acne, such as cystic pimples on the chin or widespread pimples all over your body suddenly, may require professional intervention. Dermatologists can offer advanced treatments that work effectively on all types of pimples.

If you’re struggling with acne and unsure how to proceed, consult the dermatology experts at Evenly Skin and Hair Clinic.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Cystic pimples on the chin are often caused by hormonal fluctuations, especially in women.

Yes, popping pimples can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of scarring.

Poor sleep quality can contribute to acne.

Yes, over-cleansing can irritate the skin and lead to acne flare-ups.

Shaving can irritate the skin and lead to acne, especially if you have sensitive skin.

The root cause of both whiteheads and blackheads is clogged pores. The difference lies in whether the pore is open (blackhead) or closed (Whitehead).

We hope this information is helpful. If you have any skin and hair-related questions or would like to discuss personalized solutions, please reach out to us at 7337899030. Our team of specialists is committed to delivering personalized care tailored to your specific needs. Take the first step towards a healthier, more confident you by scheduling a consultation with us today. Your journey to vibrant skin and stronger hair begins here.

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